Centrifugation is a fundamental technique in biological and bioindustrial research, and the choice of labware—tubes and bottles—plays a crucial role in the efficiency and success of this process. This guide covers key aspects of centrifugation labware, including material selection, design considerations, chemical resistance, and maintenance.

Introduction to Centrifugation Labware:

Centrifugation requires specialized labware to ensure the safe and efficient separation of samples. Labware is designed to facilitate sample recovery and protect both the sample and the rotor from damage. The ideal labware material should be optically clear, chemically resistant, and robust enough to withstand high centrifugal forces.

Labware Design and Selection:

The selection of labware depends on various factors, including:

• Centrifugation Technique: The type of rotor, the volume of the sample, and the need for sterilization.

• Chemical Resistance: Compatibility with solvents and gradient media.

• Temperature and Speed Considerations: The ability to withstand operational conditions.

• Reusability: Whether the tubes or bottles are designed for single use or multiple uses.

Material Composition:

1. Polyallomer:

   • Advantages: Good strength, chemical resistance, flexible, and autoclaveable.

   • Disadvantages: Translucent and does not tolerate organic solvents.

2. Ultra-Clear (PETG):

   • Advantages: Optically clear, strong, and inert.

   • Disadvantages: Poor chemical resistance and not autoclavable.

3. Polycarbonate:

   • Advantages: Strong, clear, and durable.

   • Disadvantages: Weakened by scratches, poor chemical resistance, and reduced life when autoclaved.

4. Polypropylene:

   • Advantages: Versatile, dimensionally stable, inert, and autoclaveable.

   • Disadvantages: Translucent and does not resist organic solvents.

5. Stainless Steel:

   • Advantages: Run at any fill level, chemically resistant, and durable.

   • Disadvantages: Opaque and not recommended with salt solutions.

6. Glass:

   • Advantages: Clear, chemically resistant, and has a wide temperature and pH range.

   • Disadvantages: Brittle and limited to low speeds.

Beckman Coulter Tube and Bottle Types:

Beckman Coulter offers a variety of tubes and bottles for different centrifugation needs:

• Open-Top Polyallomer Tubes: Suitable for swinging bucket and fixed angle rotors.

• OptiSeal Tubes: Single-use, easy to seal, and ideal for containing samples securely.

• Quick-Seal Tubes: Heat-sealed and used for containing radioactive or pathogenic samples.

• Polycarbonate Tubes: Tough, clear, and reusable with some limitations.

• Polypropylene and Polyethylene Tubes: Reusable with good chemical resistance but not suitable for organic solvents.

• Stainless Steel Tubes: Extremely strong and can be used at any fill level with proper speed reductions.

• Glass Tubes: Limited to low speeds and must be handled carefully to avoid breakage.

Care and Maintenance:

Proper care and maintenance are vital to extend the life of centrifuge labware:

• Cleaning: Wash by hand using mild detergents and soft brushes. Avoid harsh chemicals and commercial dishwashers.

• Decontamination: Use appropriate methods for radioactive or pathogenic contamination.

• Sterilization: Chemical sterilization is preferred for certain materials. Autoclaving is possible for others but may reduce lifespan.

• Inspection: Regularly check for damage or wear, especially on components like O-rings and gaskets.

• Storage: Store labware properly to prevent deformation and damage.

Troubleshooting and Reporting Problems:

Identify and address issues such as tube deformation, leakage, and improper sealing. Report any problems to the manufacturer or supplier for guidance and support.

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